Chemical toxicity refers to the degree to which a chemical substance can cause harm to living organisms, including humans, animals, and plants. It involves assessing the adverse effects that result from exposure to chemicals, which can vary based on factors such as dose, duration of exposure, and the route of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact). Chemical toxicity can manifest in various forms, including acute toxicity (immediate effects) and chronic toxicity (long-term effects), and can lead to health issues ranging from mild irritation to serious illnesses, including cancer and organ damage. Understanding chemical toxicity is crucial for risk assessment and regulatory decision-making.