Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies—such as rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater-by harmful substances or pollutants. This pollution can arise from various sources, including industrial discharges, agricultural runoff, sewage disposal, and plastic waste. Water pollution can lead to detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems, harm wildlife, and pose serious health risks to humans, including waterborne diseases and toxicity. Efforts to combat water pollution often involve regulation, treatment of wastewater, and public awareness initiatives to protect water quality and promote sustainable practices.