Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) refers to any deviation from a woman's normal menstrual cycle, including changes in the frequency, duration, or volume of bleeding. AUB can involve heavy bleeding, irregular cycles, spotting between periods, or the complete absence of menstruation. This condition is not a specific diagnosis on its own but rather a symptom of an underlying issue. It can affect women of all ages and may result from a variety of causes, including hormonal imbalances, structural abnormalities, or other medical conditions