Hyperglycemia refers to elevated levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood, commonly defined as blood glucose levels above 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/L) after meals or above 130 mg/dL (7.2 mmol/L) when fasting. It is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus and can occur in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Persistent hyperglycemia can lead to acute complications like diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), as well as long-term damage to various organs